Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   Tapioca plants Syllabus Prelims –AGRICULTURE Context: Recently, the Central Tuber Crops Research Institute issued an advisory on using parts of tapioca plants to feed cattle. Background:- The ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (CTCRI) here has issued an advisory on feeding animals with parts of cassava (tapioca) in view of the incident in Idukki where 13 cows died in a farm recently. About Tapioca plants:- Family: Euphorbiaceae. Climate: It thrives best in tropical, warm humid climates. Rainfall: over 100 cm per annum. Altitude: This crop can be cultivated up to an elevation of 1000 m. Soil: Any well-drained soil preferably red lateritic loam with a pH range of 5.5 -7.0 is best suited for tapioca cultivation. It is cultivated throughout the tropical world for its tuberous roots, from which cassava flour, bread, tapioca, laundry starch, and an alcoholic beverage are derived. Cassava, also known as Tapioca, production in India is estimated to be 4.98 million tonnes. Tamil Nadu, followed by Kerala accounts for a major amount of production. Its cultivation is also extending towards non-traditional areas like Maharashtra. Uses:- Cassava has a high starch content and ability to grow under low management conditions due to which it has been globally recognized as a potential candidate for bioethanol production. (National Bioenergy Programme) Side Effects:- There are no significant side effects associated with tapioca consumption. However, any cassava-based product can pose the risk of cyanide poisoning.  MUST READ: Invasive Species SOURCE: THE HINDU PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Which of the following organisms ·perform the waggle dance for others of their kin to indicate the direction and the distance to a source of their food? (2023) Butterflies Dragonflies Honeybees Wasps Q.2) Consider the following fauna : (2023) Lion-tailed Macaque Malabar Civet Sambar Deer How many of the above are generally nocturnal or most active after sunset? Only one Only two All three None India Meteorological Department (IMD)  Syllabus Prelims –GEOGRAPHY Context: Recently, the India Meteorological Department (IMD)  issued an orange alert for Punjab, Haryana, and parts of Rajasthan and western Uttar Pradesh for heavy fog and cold day conditions. Background:- The western disturbance will help cut the chill for the first half of the next week, weather scientists said. A western disturbance is a stormy system that originates in the Mediterranean Sea before sweeping towards the east and halting at the Himalayan ranges. In the northern plains, it brings rain and causes a change in wind direction. But in the mountains, it triggers snowfall. About India Meteorological Department (IMD) :- Established: 1875. Ministry: Ministry of Earth Sciences. IMD Headquarters: New Delhi. It is the National Meteorological Service of the country. It is the principal government agency in all matters relating to meteorology and allied subjects. Objectives:- To take meteorological observations and provide current and forecast meteorological information for optimum operation of weather-sensitive activities like agriculture, irrigation, shipping, etc. To warn against severe weather phenomena tropical cyclones, duststorms, heavy rains and snow, cold and heat waves,, which cause the destruction of life and property. To conduct and promote research in meteorology and allied disciplines. To provide meteorological statistics required for agriculture, water resource management, industries, oil exploration and other nation-building activities. The IMD uses four colour codes:- Green (All is well): No advisory is issued. (Colour Coded Weather Warning) Yellow (Be Aware): Yellow indicates severely bad weather spanning several days. Orange/Amber (Be prepared): The orange alert is issued as a warning of extremely bad weather with the potential of disruption in commute with road and rail closures, and interruption of power supply. Red (Take Action): When extremely bad weather conditions are certainly going to disrupt travel and power and have significant risk to life, the red alert is issued.  MUST READ: The India Meteorological Department (IMD) may introduce new monsoon models SOURCE: HINDUSTAN TIMES  PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Consider the following statements: (2022) High clouds primarily reflect solar radiation and cool the surface of the Earth. Low clouds have a high absorption of infrared radiation emanating from the Earth’s surface and thus cause a warming effect. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) Consider the following statements: (2018) The Barren Island volcano is an active volcano located in the Indian territory. Barren Island lies about 140 km east of Great Nicobar. The last time the Barren Island volcano erupted was in 1991 and it has remained inactive since then. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 and 3 3 only 1 and 3 PRITHvi VIgyan (PRITHVI) SCHEME Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT SCHEMES Context: Recently, Cabinet approved overarching scheme “PRITHvi VIgyan (PRITHVI)”. Background:- The Union Cabinet Chaired by the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi has approved the overarching scheme “PRITHvi VIgyan (PRITHVI)” of Ministry of Earth Sciences, for implementation during the period from 2021-26 at an overall cost of Rs. 4,797 crore. About PRITHvi VIgyan (PRITHVI) SCHEME:- Implementation period: from 2021-2026. Ministry: Ministry of Earth Sciences. Objectives:- Augmentation and sustainance of long-term observations of the atmosphere, ocean, geosphere, cryosphere and solid earth to record the vital signs of the Earth System and change. Development of modelling systems for understanding and predicting weather, ocean and climate hazards and understanding the science of climate change. Exploration polar and high seas regions of the Earth towards discovery of new phenomena and resources. Development of technology for exploration and sustainable harnessing of oceanic resources for societal applications. Translation of knowledge and insights from Earth systems science into services for societal, environmental and economic benefit. Salient Features:- The scheme encompasses five ongoing sub-schemes namely “Atmosphere & Climate Research-Modelling Observing Systems & Services (ACROSS)”, “Ocean Services, Modelling Application, Resources and Technology (O-SMART)”, “Polar Science and Cryosphere Research (PACER)”, “Seismology and Geosciences (SAGE)” and “Research, Education, Training and Outreach (REACHOUT)”. Various components of the PRITHVI scheme are interdependent and are carried out in an integrated manner through combined efforts of the concerned Institutes under MoES. It will help in taking up cross-disciplinary projects and even use funds allocated for the separate verticals together. Thus, it will also facilitate ease of doing research. The overarching scheme

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   Inland Waterways Development Council Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNANCE Context: The maiden edition of the Inland Waterways Development Council (IWDC) in Kolkata culminated recently. Background:- The meet, chaired by the Union Minister of Ports, Shipping & Waterways and Ayush, Shri Sarbananda Sonowal was attended by key stakeholders including ministerial representations from states as well as prominent stakeholders including policy makers and industry leaders. About Inland Waterways Development Council:- Established:1986. Ministry: Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways. HQ: Noida, UP. Objective: development and regulation of inland waterways for shipping and navigation. The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) is a statutory body established by the Government of India in 1986, r The Authority primarily undertakes projects for the development and maintenance of IWT infrastructure on national waterways through grants received from the Ministry of Shipping. The inaugural IWDC meeting boasts a packed agenda with consecutive sessions addressing vital issues in the development of inland waterways in India. The sessions encompass topics such as fairway development, private sector engagement and best practices, optimizing cargo transport efficiency in Inland Water Transport (IWT), fostering the promotion and development of eco-friendly vessels for passenger transportation, exploring the economic advantages of river cruise tourism, and emphasizing sustainable practices, among others.( India’s Waterways and its Potential) Significance:- The establishment of the Inland Waterways Development Council in October 2023 by the Government of India underscores its commitment to the comprehensive development of inland waterways and the associated Inland Water Transport (IWT) ecosystem for improved cargo efficiency, passenger movement, and river cruise tourism, with active participation from States and Union Territories.  MUST READ: Scope and Status of Inland Waterways and Tourism SOURCE: PIB PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Which one of the following statements best describes the ‘Polar Code’? (2022) It is the international code of safety for ships operating in polar waters. It is the agreement of the countries around the North Pole regarding the demarcation of their territories in the polar region. It is a set of norms to be followed by the countries whose scientists undertake research studies at the North Pole and the South Pole. It is a trade and security agreement of the member countries of the Arctic Council. Q.2) Which one of the following best describes the term “greenwashing”? (2022) Conveying a false impression that a company’s products are eco-friendly and environmentally sound Non-inclusion of ecological/ environmental costs in the Annual Financial Statements of a country Ignoring the consequences of disastrous ecological while infrastructure development undertaking Making mandatory provisions for environmental costs in a government project/programme Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES Context: Recently, the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) and the Quality Council of India (QCI)  signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). Background:- The collaboration between the two organizations is aimed at creating ‘World Class Khadi Products’ as per the vision of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi. About Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC):- Establishment: 1957. Ministry: Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises It is a statutory body established under the Khadi and Village Industries Commission Act, of 1956. Objectives of KVIC:- To boost employment in the country. (Project Re-Hab) To promote the promotion and sale of Khadi articles. Function:- It is charged with the planning, promotion, organization, and implementation of programmes for the development of Khadi and other village industries in rural areas. It coordinates with other agencies engaged in rural development wherever necessary. It provides employment in rural areas. It provides saleable articles. It creates self-reliance amongst people and builds up a strong rural community spirit.  MUST READ: Rural Manufacturing SOURCE: PIB PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Consider the following statements with reference to India: (2023) According to the ‘Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development (MSMED) Act, 2006’, ‘medium enterprises’ are those with investments in plant and machinery between (‘ 15 crores and ’25 crore.) All bank loans to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises qualify under the priority sector. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) Consider the following statements: (2022) The India Sanitation Coalition is a platform to promote sustainable sanitation and is funded by the Government of India and the World Health Organisation. The National Institute of Urban Affairs is an apex body of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs in the Government of India and provides innovative solutions to address the challenges of Urban India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 UN Statistical Commission Syllabus Prelims –INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Context: Recently, India started its four-year term as a member of the United Nations Statistical Commission. Background:- The country had won the election to the global statistics body in April after a gap of nearly two decades. About UN Statistical Commission:- Established: 1946. HQ: New York. The United Nations Statistical Commission is the highest body of the global statistical system bringing together the Chief Statisticians from member states from around the world. It is the highest decision-making body for international statistical activities. It is responsible for setting statistical standards. It is responsible for the development of concepts and methods, including their implementation at the national and international level. The Statistical Commission oversees the work of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD). It is a Functional Commission of the UN Economic and Social Council.(Need for Reforms in UN) The 55th session of the United Nations Statistical Commission is scheduled to be held in New York from 27 February – 1 March 2024. Composition:- The officers of the Commission, also referred to as the Bureau, are the Chairman, 3 Vice-chairmen and the Rapporteur. Membership:- The Commission consists of 24 member countries of the United Nations elected by the United Nations Economic and Social Council on the basis of an equitable geographical distribution according to the following pattern: Five members from African States Four members from Asia-Pacific States Four members from the Eastern European States Four members from Latin American

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Yojana (PMJAY) Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES Context: Recently, the Union Minister for Home Affairs and Cooperation and the Union Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers & Health and Family Welfare addressed the National Mega Conclave on “PACS as Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Jan Aushadhi Kendra(provided under Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Yojana (PMJAY)).” Background:- As per the new model bylaws adopted by the Ministry of Cooperation, the scope of Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) has been widened beyond their original function of dealing with agricultural credits at the grassroots level. PACS are now empowered to access many other avenues like the opening of Jan Aushadhi Kendras. PACS are village-level cooperative credit societies that serve as the last link in a three-tier cooperative credit structure headed by the State Cooperative Banks (SCB) at the state level. About Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Yojana (PMJAY).:- Launched:2008.  Historical Background:- It was launched by the Department of Pharmaceuticals under the name Jan Aushadhi Campaign in 2008. 2015: It was re-launched as ‘Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Yojana’ (PMJAY). 2016: it was again renamed “Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana” (PMBJP). Ministry: Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers. Implementing Agency: the Pharmaceuticals & Medical Devices Bureau of India (PMBI). Objectives of PMBJP: to provide quality medicines at affordable prices to people through special Kendras known as Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana Kendra. Funding: Financial Support is provided by the government to eligible NGOs/Trusts/agencies/individuals to establish Jan Aushadhi stores. Salient Features of PMBJP:- Ensure access to quality medicines. Create awareness about generic medicinesthrough education and publicity so that quality is not synonymous with only high prices. The scheme ensures easy reach to affordable medicineto the people in every nook and corner of the country. Create demand for generic medicinesby improving access to better healthcare through low treatment cost and easy availability wherever needed in all therapeutic categories. Janaushadhi Sugamfacilitates the public by providing a digital platform at the tip of their fingers. Jan Aushadhi Sugam: a mobile app that helps in locating the nearest Janaushadhi Kendra and the availability of medicines with its price. Pharmaceutical & Medical Devices Bureau of India (PMBI) has been established for co-coordinating procurement, supply and marketing of generic drugs through the Jan Aushadhi Stores. (Pradhan Mantri Janaushadhi Kendra (PMJK)) The quality, safety and efficacy of medicinesare ensured to the required standards before the same are supplied to Supers stockists /Jan Aushadhi Stores from the Warehouse.  Benefits of PMBJP:- The scheme ensures easy reach to affordable medicine to the people in every nook and corner of the country.  MUST READ: Mission Indradhanush Complete Immunization SOURCE: PIB  PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Consider the following statements in the context of interventions being undertaken under the Anaemia Mukt Bharat Strategy: (2023) It provides prophylactic calcium supplementation for preschool children, adolescents and pregnant women. It runs a campaign for delayed cord clamping at the time of childbirth. It provides for periodic deworming to children and adolescents. It addresses non-nutritional causes of anaemia in endemic pockets with a special focus on malaria, hemoglobinopathies and fluorosis. How many of the statements given above are correct? Only one Only two Only three All four Q.2) Consider the following statements: In terms of short-term credit delivery to the agriculture sector, District Central Cooperative Banks (DCCBs) deliver more credit in comparison to Scheduled Commercial Banks and Regional Rural Banks. One of the most important functions of DCCBs is to provide funds to the Primary Agricultural Credit Societies. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (2020) 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES Context: Recently, the Prime Minister interacted with beneficiaries of the Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra. Background:- Thousands of Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra beneficiaries from across the country along with Union Ministers, MPs, MLAs and local-level representatives joined the event. About Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra:- Launched: November 2023. Objectives:- Reaching the unreached. Dissemination of information and generating awareness about schemes. Learning from the citizens. Enrolment of potential beneficiaries through details ascertained during the Yatra. Salient Features:- The Yatra launched on the occasion of Janjatiya Gaurav Divas, by flagging off IEC (Information, Education and Communication) Vans which will be initially visiting the districts having significant Scheduled Tribe population and the remaining districts from the third week of November 2023 onwards up to 26 January 2024. Five specially designed IEC (Information, Education and Communication) Vans will carry the message of the Government’s flagship welfare programmes. The schemes that will be publicized through the yatra include Ayushman Bharat; PMJAY PM Garlb Kalyan Anna Yojana;  Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana among others. The target is to cover over 2.55 lakh Gram Panchayats and over 3,600 urban local bodies by 25th January 2024.  MUST READ: One District One Product(ODOP) SOURCE: PIB  PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the Maternity Benefit Amendment Act, 2017? (2019) Pregnant women are entitled to three months of pre-delivery and three months of post-delivery paid leave. Enterprises with creches must allow the mother a minimum of six creche visits daily. Women with two children get reduced entitlements. Select the correct answer using the code given below. 1 and 2 only 2 only 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.2) The Multi-dimensional Poverty Index developed by Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative with UNDP support covers which of the following? (2012) Deprivation of education, health, assets and services at the household level Purchasing power parity at the national level Extent of budget deficit and GDP growth rate at the national level Select the correct answer using the codes given below: 1 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Syllabus Prelims –POLITY Context: Recently, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Conducted Raids in Railway Exam Paper Leak Case. Background:- A case was registered on a complaint from Western Railway, against certain Officials of Railways and others unknown employees of a private company on the allegations of leaking question papers. It was alleged that some candidates were allegedly provided the paper

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) Syllabus Prelims –POLITY Context: Recently, after a record 1,111 NGOs got Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) nod in 2023, 30 get clearance in January. Background:- A Taiwan-headquartered Buddhist monastic order in Delhi has been granted clearance under the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA), 2010, enabling the organisation to receive foreign funds. About Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA):- The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) was enacted during the Emergency in 1976 amid apprehensions that foreign powers were interfering in India’s affairs. The law sought to regulate foreign donations to individuals and associations so that they functioned “in a manner consistent with the values of a sovereign democratic republic”. The FCRA was amended in 2010 and 2020 by the government to give tighter control and scrutiny over the receipt and utilization of foreign funds by NGOs. FCRA Registration: NGOs that want to receive foreign funds must apply online in a prescribed format with the required documentation. FCRA registrations are granted to individuals or associations that have definite cultural, economic, educational, religious, and social programs. Following the application by the NGO, the MHA makes inquiries through the Intelligence Bureau into the antecedents of the applicant, and accordingly processes the application. FCRA Requirements: Broadly, the FCRA requires every person or NGO seeking to receive foreign donations to be: registered under the Act, to open a bank account for the receipt of the foreign funds in State Bank of India, Delhi, and to utilize those funds only for the purpose for which they have been received and as stipulated in the Act. They are also required to file annual returns, and they must not transfer the funds to another NGO. Changes in FCRA Rules: The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) in 2022 changed FCRA rules and increased the number of compoundable offences under the Act from 7 to 12. The amendment also gave exemption from intimation to the government for contributions less than Rs 10 lakh – the earlier limit was Rs 1 lakh — received from relatives abroad, and increase in time limit for intimation of opening of bank accounts. Validity of FCRA Approval: Once granted, FCRA registration is valid for five years. NGOs are expected to apply for renewal within six months of the date of expiry of registration. In case of failure to apply for renewal, the registration is deemed to have expired. Once expired, the NGO is no longer entitled to receive foreign funds or utilize its existing funds without permission from the ministry. Challenges of regulating foreign contributions: Administrative Delays. Stringent Compliance Requirements Political Interference Ambiguity in the Law Lack of Clarity  MUST READ: Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA) and NGO SOURCE: THE HINDU PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) With reference to India, consider the following statements: (2021) Judicial custody means an accused is in the custody of the concerned magistrate and such an accused is locked up in a police station, not in jail. During judicial custody, the police officer in charge of the case is not allowed to interrogate the suspect without the approval of the court. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) Consider the following pairs: (2020) International agreement/ set-up Subject Alma-Ata Declaration – Healthcare of the people Hague Convention – Biological and Chemical Weapons Talanoa Dialogue – Global Climate Change Under2 Coalition – Child Rights Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched? 1 and 2 only 4 only 1 and 3 only 2,3 and 4 only Kuki Tribe Syllabus Prelims –POLITY Context: Recently, Manipur Chief Minister N Biren Singh has said that the state government may consider setting up a committee to discuss the Scheduled Tribe status of Kukis in the state. Background:- He was responding to questions about a representation made by a Meitei leader seeking that Kukis be removed from the list, while reiterating the long-pending demand of Meiteis for ST status. About Kuki Tribe:- The Kukis are an ethnic group including multiple tribes originally inhabiting the North-Eastern states of India such as Manipur, Mizoram and Assam; parts of Burma (now Myanmar), and Sylhet district and Chittagong hill tracts of Bangladesh. The tribes associated with it came to be generically called Kuki under colonial rule. In Manipur, the various Kuki tribes, living mainly in the hills, currently make up 30% of the total population of the State. They are present in all Northeast Indian states except Arunachal Pradesh. ( Significance of Tribal Culture in Sustainable Development) Around fifty tribes of Kuki peoples in India are recognised as scheduled tribes. Traditionally the Kuki lived in small settlements in the jungles, each ruled by its own chief. The Kuki live an isolated existence in the bamboo forests, which provide them with their building and handicraft materials. Normally they do not arrange any marriage alliance outside their community. Traditionally they were not Christian but animist and worshipped different deities and spirits. But for the last 90 years, the majority of them have embraced Christianity as their religion. They have their own customary laws and village council. LAL is a term to denote village chief. The village chief generally looks up all sorts of social and religious disputes Including disputes related to marriage and divorce. MUST READ:  Kuki Insurgency in Manipur SOURCE: THE INDIAN EXPRESS PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Consider the following statements about Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India: (2019) PVTGs reside in 18 States and one Union Territory. A stagnant or declining population is one of the criteria for determining PVTG status. There are 95 PVTGs officially notified in the country so far. Irular and Konda Reddi tribes are included in the list of PVTGs. Which of the statements given above is correct? 1, 2 and 3 2, 3 and 4 1, 2 and 4 1, 3 and 4 Q.2) With reference to the ‘stand up India scheme’, which of the following statement is/are correct? (2016) Its purpose is to promote entrepreneurship among SC/ST and women entrepreneurs. It provides for refinancing through

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   ANUBHAV Awards Scheme, 2024 Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT SCHEMES Context: Recently, the Government has notified the ANUBHAV Awards Scheme 2024. Background:- The Last Date for submissions on the ANUBHAV portal will be 31 March 2024, all Line Ministries/ Departments will reach out to Pensioners to make submissions on the ANUBHAV Portal. About ANUBHAV Awards Scheme, 2024:- Launched: 2015. Ministry: Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions. Objective: to incentivize and encourage more retiring employees to submit their write-ups. It recognises the contribution made by Retired Officials to nation-building while working in Government and to document the administrative history of India through written narratives. To date 54 ANUBHAV Awards conferred by the Department of Pension and Pensioners Welfare. On the directions of the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India, DOPPW launched an online platform entitled ‘Anubhav Portal’ in March 2015 for sharing experiences of retiring/retired Central Government employees while working with the Government. It is envisaged that this culture of leaving notes by retirees will become the foundation stone of good governance and administrative reforms in future. To participate in the scheme, retiring Central Government employees/pensioners are required to submit their Anubhav write-ups, 8 months prior to retirement and up to 1 year after their retirement. Thereafter, the write-ups will be published after assessment by concerned Ministries/Departments. The published write-ups will be shortlisted for Anubhav Awards and Jury Certificates. To encourage broader participation in the Anubhav Awards Scheme, 2024, the DOPPW has undertaken an Outreach Campaign to reach out to every pensioner to submit his ANUBHAV experience. In this regard, meetings have been held with Nodal Officers of Ministries/ Departments and CAPFs. Ministries/Departments have been requested to reach out to Pensioners for timely submission of ANUBHAV experiences. Knowledge-sharing sessions on the format of documentation of award-winning nominations have also been convened.( Padma awards)) The ANUBHAV Awardees share their experiences in a national forum under the ANUBHAV Awardees Speak Webinar Series. MUST READ: Padma awardee Shanti Devi SOURCE: PIB PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Consider the following pairs with regard to sports awards : (2023) Major Dhyan Chand:       For the most spectacular and outstanding performance and outstanding Khel Ratna Award performance over a period of the   last four years. Arjuna Award:                   For the lifetime achievement of a sportsperson. Dronacharya Award:       To honour eminent coaches who have successfully trained sportspersons or teams. Rashtriya Khel:                 To recognize the contribution made by sportspersons even after their retirement. How many of the above pairs are correctly matched? Only one Only two Only three All four Q.2) Consider the following statements in respect of the 44th Chess Olympiad, 2022: (2023) It was the first time that Chess Olympiad was held in India. The official mascot was named Thambi. The trophy for the winning team in the open section is the Vera Menchik Cup. The trophy for the winning team in the women’s section is the Hamilton-Russell Cup. How many of the statements given above are correct? Only one Only two Only three All four Centralised Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System (CPGRAMS) Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNANCE Context: Recently, the 17th Report on States/Union Territories performance on Centralised Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System (CPGRAMS) for the month of December 2023 was released. Background:- 58,016 PG cases were received by States/UTs in December 2023. About CPGRAMS:- Centralised Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System (CPGRAMS) is an online platform available to the citizens 24×7 to lodge their grievances to the public authorities on any subject related to service delivery. It is an online web-enabled system developed by the National Informatics Centre (Ministry of Electronics & IT [MeitY]), in association with Directorate of Public Grievances (DPG) and Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG). It was launched by the Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances (DARPG) under the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions. It is a single portal connected to all the Ministries/Departments of Government of India and States. Every Ministry and States have role-based access to this system. (Grievance Appellate Committees (GACs)) CPGRAMS is also accessible to the citizens through a standalone mobile application downloadable through the Google Play store and a mobile application integrated with UMANG. The status of the grievance filed in CPGRAMS can be tracked with the unique registration ID provided at the time of registration of the complainant. CPGRAMS also provides an appeal facility to the citizens if they are not satisfied with the resolution by the Grievance Officer. After the closure of the grievance if the complainant is not satisfied with the resolution, he/she can provide feedback. If the rating is ‘Poor’ the option to file an appeal is enabled. (Grievance Appellate Committee (GAC) portal) The status of the Appeal can also be tracked by the petitioner with the grievance registration number. Issues which are not taken up for redress : RTI Matters Court-related / Subjudice matters Religious matters Suggestions MUST READ: AI Powered Grievance Management Application SOURCE: PIB PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Who among the following can join the National Pension System (NPS)? (2017) Resident Indian citizens only Persons of age from 21 to 55 only All State Government employees joining the services after the state of notification by the respective State Governments All Central Government employees including those of Armed Forces joining the services on or after 1st April, 2004 Q.2) Recognition of Prior Learning Scheme’ is sometimes mentioned in the news with reference to (2017) Certifying the skills acquire by construction workers through traditional channels. Enrolling the persons in Universities for distance learning programmes. Reserving some skilled jobs to rural and urban poor in some public sector undertakings. Certifying the skills acquired by trainees under the National Skill Development Programme. Atal Bihari Vajpayee Sewri-Nhava Sheva Atal Setu Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES Context: Recently, Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi inaugurated Atal Bihari Vajpayee Sewri-Nhava Sheva Atal Setu in Navi Mumbai. Background:- The Prime Minister posted on X: “Delighted to inaugurate Atal

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   Swadesh Darshan 2.0 scheme Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT SCHEMES Context: Recently, Odisha’s Debrigarh, Khinda was included in the Ministry of Tourism’s Swadesh Darshan 2.0 scheme. Background:- Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary and Khinda Village will be developed under the scheme as sustainable and responsible destinations with a tourist and destination-centric approach. About Swadesh Darshan 2.0 scheme:- Ministry: Ministry of Tourism. Objective: to realize India’s full potential as a tourist destination and promote “vocal for local” as its guiding principle. Salient Features:- The redesigned program known as Swadesh Darshan 2.0 aims to develop sustainable and responsible destinations with a tourist and destination-centric approach and has shared the guidelines for the SD2.0 scheme. The Scheme is 100% centrally funded. The projects under this scheme are sanctioned subject to the availability of funds, submission of suitable Detailed Project Reports (DPR), adherence to scheme guidelines and utilisation of funds released earlier etc. Swadesh Darshan 2.0 is a generational shift to transform the Swadesh Darshan Scheme into a holistic mission to create sustainable and responsible tourism destinations. It is not an incremental change. With a focus on tourists and destinations, it will aid in the creation of sustainable and responsible destinations. It will encourage the creation of generic and theme-specific benchmarks and standards for the development of tourism destinations, and states will adhere to those benchmarks and standards when planning and developing projects. Some of the prominent places identified are Jhansi and Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, Gwalior, Chitrakoot and Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh and Ajanta and Ellora in Maharashtra. The Scheme has identified the following significant tourism themes: Tourism of Culture and Heritage Adventure Tourism Eco-Tourism Wellness Tourism MICE Tourism Rural Tourism Beach Tourism Cruises – Inland and Ocean Significance:- The revamped scheme seeks to enhance the contribution of tourism to local economies.  MUST READ: Promotion of Buddhist Sites under Swadesh Darshan & PRASHAD SOURCE: THE NEW INDIAN EXPRESS PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) With reference to Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, consider the following statements : (2018) It is the flagship scheme of the Ministry of Labour and Employment. It, among other things, will also impart training in soft skills, entrepreneurship, financial and digital literacy. It aims to align the competencies of the unregulated workforce of the country to the National Skill Qualification Framework. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 3 only 2 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.2) What is the aim of the programme ‘Unnat Bharat Abhiyan’? (2017) Achieving 100% literacy by promoting collaboration between voluntary organizations and the government’s education system and local communities. Connecting institutions of higher education with local communities to address development challenges through appropriate technologies. Strengthening India’s scientific research institutions in order to make India a scientific and technological power. Developing human capital by allocating special funds for health care and education of rural and urban poor, and organizing skill development programmes and vocational training for them. Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (PESA Act, 1996) Syllabus Prelims –POLITY Context: Recently, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj organized a “Two-Day Regional Conference on Strengthening of the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996” (PESA Act, 1996). Background:- The conference will commence with an ‘Inaugural Session’ in the presence of Shri Vivek Bharadwaj, Additional Secretary, Dr. Chandra Shekhar Kumar, Joint Secretary, Smt. Mamta Varma, Principal Secretary, Rural Development & Panchayati Raj Department, Government of Maharashtra Shri Eknath Dawale. About Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996” (PESA Act, 1996):- Enacted: 1996. Objective: to provide for the extension of the provisions of Part IX of the Constitution relating to the Panchayats to the Scheduled Areas. It is an Act to provide for the extension of the provisions of Part IX of the Constitution relating to the Panchayats to the Scheduled Areas. The Part IX of the Constitution, which consists of Articles 243-243ZT, covers legislation related to municipalities and cooperative societies in addition to Panchayats. The Panchayat Extension to Scheduled Areas (PESA) Act 1996 came into existence after the Bhuria Committee’s recommendations in 1995. The PESA Act acknowledges the right of tribal communities, who live in Scheduled Areas, to rule themselves using their own systems of self-government. The Act gives Gram Sabhas the authority to play an important part in approving development plans and managing all social sectors. Under the PESA Act, Scheduled Areas are those referred to in Article 244(1), which says that the provisions of the Fifth Schedule shall apply to the Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes in states other than Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. Role of State Government:- PESA, was enacted by the Centre to ensure self-governance through gram sabhas (village assemblies) for people living in scheduled areas. State governments were required to amend their respective Panchayat Raj Acts without making any law that would be inconsistent with the mandate of PESA. To legally recognize the right of tribal communities, and residents of the scheduled areas, to govern themselves through their own systems of self-government. It acknowledges their traditional rights over natural resources. Powers and functions provided to the Gram Sabhas:- Right to mandatory consultation in land acquisition, resettlement and rehabilitation of displaced persons. Protection of traditional beliefs, the culture of the tribal communities. Ownership of minor forest products. Resolution of the local disputes. Prevention of land alienation. Management of village markets. Right to control production, distillation, and prohibition of liquor. Exercise of control over money-lending. Any other rights involving the Scheduled Tribes.  MUST READ: E-PANCHAYAT FACILITY SOURCE: PIB  PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) With reference to the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, consider the following statements: (2022) Private and public hospitals must adopt it. As it aims to achieve universal health coverage, every citizen of India should be part of it ultimately. It has seamless portability across the country. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.2) The Government enacted the Panchayat Extension to Scheduled Areas (PESA) Act in 1996. Which one of the following

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   Amrit Bharat Station Scheme (ABSS) Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT SCHEMES Context: Recently, the Udupi station has been included in the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme (ABSS) for redevelopment. Background:- The railway station is under the Konkan Railway Corporation Ltd. (KRCL) network and was in dire need of attention. About Amrit Bharat Station Scheme (ABSS):- Launched: August,2023. Ministry: Ministry of Railways. Objectives:- The preparation and implementation of master plans for railway stations to enhance the facilities beyond the minimum essential amenities and creating roof plazas and city centres at the station premises in the long term Meet the needs of all stakeholders based on the funding availability and inter-se priority The scheme will cater to the upgradation and replacement of existing amenities as well as the introduction of new amenities Salient Features:- The Amrit Bharat Station scheme envisages to take up 76 railway stations over Central Railway for upgradation/modernisation and out of that, the foundation stone will be laid at 38 stations. It involves the preparation of Master Plans and their implementation in phases to improve the amenities at the stations like improvement of station access, circulating areas, waiting halls, landscaping etc. keeping in view the necessity at each station. The scheme also envisages improvement of the building, integrating the station with both sides of the city, multimodal integration, amenities for Divyangjans, sustainable and environment-friendly solutions, provision of ballastless tracks, ‘Roof Plazas’ as per necessity, phasing and feasibility and creation of city centres at the station in the long term. It will cover stations that have undergone detailed techno-economic feasibility studies. However, the roof plazas in these stations will not be constructed in the near term as reallocation of structures and utilities is given higher priority. The scheme will be implemented based on the needs and patronage of the railway stations. Infrastructural development will be ensured for more than 1,000 stations under this scheme. Benefits:- Modern passenger amenities. Improved traffic circulation. Inter-modal integration. Sustainability and Eco-friendliness. MUST READ: Restructuring of Railways SOURCE: THE HINDU PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Consider the following actions: (2023) Detection of car crash/ collision which results in the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously. Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop towards the ground which results in the immediate turning off of the hard drive. Detection of the tilt of the smartphone which results in the rotation of display between portrait and landscape mode. In how many of the above actions is the function of the accelerometer required? Only one Only two All three None Q.2) Which of the following is/are the aim/aims of the “Digital India” Plan of the Government of India? (2018) Formation of India’s own Internet companies like China did. Establish a policy framework to encourage overseas multinational corporations that collect Big Data to build their large data centres within our national geographical boundaries. Connect many of our villages to the Internet and bring Wi-Fi to many of our schools, public places and major tourist centres. Select the correct answer using the code given below : 1 and 2 only 3 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Zero Effect, Zero Defect scheme (ZED) Syllabus Prelims –ECONOMY/GOVERNMENT SCHEMES Context: Recently, the  Zero Effect, Zero Defect scheme (ZED) for MSMEs hit 1 lakh certification milestone. Background:- At the time of filing this report, 1,02,642 MSMEs were certified, of which 1,01,962 were bronze-level certified, 339 units received silver certification and 341 had gold certification, as per data from the scheme’s portal. The cumulative financial support extended to MSMEs under the scheme stood at Rs 134.57 crore. About Zero Effect, Zero Defect scheme (ZED):- Launched: October 2016. Ministry: Ministry of Micro,Small & Medium Enterprises. Objective: to achieve a twin goal of production of high quality products with clean technology. Salient Features:- The ZED Scheme aims to rate and handhold all MSMEs to deliver top-quality products using clean technology. It will have sector-specific parameters for each industry. Zero defects will provide with high-quality products for consumers and zero effect provides with minimal pollution of the environment. Thus scripting a new role for MSMEs according to changing socio-economic scenario. Currently, the scheme is applicable for manufacturing MSMEs only. MSME Sustainable (ZED) Certification can be attained in three levels after registering and taking the ZED Pledge: Certification Level 1: BRONZE Certification Level 2: SILVER Certification Level 3: GOLD Benefits:- ZED will act as a catalyst to accomplish the goals under Make in India. i.e. increasing the contribution of the manufacturing sector to 25% of the GDP and creating 100 million employment. ZED will enhance the productivity and efficiency of MSMEs. ZED will also aid in attracting investments. Enhancing the global and domestic competitiveness of the manufacturing sector so has to broaden the customer base. MUST READ: MSME Sustainable (ZED) Certification Scheme SOURCE: THE FINANCIAL EXPRESS  PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) With reference to Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, consider the following statements: (2022) Private and public hospitals must adopt it. As it aims to achieve universal health coverage, every citizen of India should be part of it ultimately. It has seamless portability across the country. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.2) With reference to the funds under the Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS), which of the following statements is correct? (2020) MPLADS funds must be used to create durable assets like physical infrastructure for health, education, etc. A specified portion of each MP’s fund must benefit SC/ST populations. MPLADS funds are sanctioned on a yearly basis and the unused funds cannot be carried forward to the next year. The district authority must inspect at least 10% of all works under implementation every year. Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1 and 2 only 3 and 4 only 1, 2, and 3 only 1, 2, and 4 only PRASADAM Syllabus Prelims – GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES Context: Recently, Union Minister of Health & Family Welfare Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya inaugurated

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   India-Maldives Bilateral Relation Syllabus Prelims –INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Context: Recently, the Maldivian delegation proposed the removal of Indian troops by March 15, 2024, at the first India-Maldives High-Level Core Group meeting. Background:- The deadline was not find a mention in the official statements by the foreign offices of the two countries. About India-Maldives Bilateral Relation:- IMAGE SOURCE: worldatlas.com India and Maldives share ethnic,  linguistic,  cultural,  religious and commercial links steeped in antiquity. The relations have been close, cordial and multi‐dimensional. India was among the first to recognize Maldives after its independence in 1965 and to establish diplomatic relations with the country. Maldives’ proximity to the west coast of India (barely 70 nautical miles away from Minicoy and 300 nautical miles away from India’s West coast), and its situation at the hub of commercial sea lanes running through the Indian Ocean (particularly the 8° N and 1½° N channels) imbues it with significant strategic importance to India. India has a pre‐eminent position in the  Maldives,  with relations extending to virtually most areas. The importance of India’s strategic role in Maldives is well‐recognized,  with  India being seen as a  net security provider. ‘India  First’  has been a stated policy of the Government of Maldives (GoM). Recent high-level exchanges:- Prime Minister Modi attended the inauguration ceremony of President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih on 17 Nov 2018 as the only HoS/HoG. Foreign Minister Abdulla Shahid paid an Official Visit to India in Nov 2018. Trade:- India and Maldives signed a trade agreement in 1981, which provides for the export of essential commodities. Growing from modest beginnings, India-Maldives bilateral trade in 2020 stood at US$ 213.91 million with trade balance heavily in favour of India. Defence Cooperation:- India provides the largest number of training opportunities for the Maldivian National Defence Force (MNDF), meeting around 70% of their defence training requirements. (India-Maldives Defence Relation) A Comprehensive Action Plan for Defence was also signed in April 2016. Tourism:- India remained the top market for Maldives tourism in 2022 dominating over 14% with 240,000 arrivals. Operations in Maldives:- Operation Cactus 1988: Under Operation Cactus the Indian Armed Forces have helped the government of Maldives in the neutralization of the coup attempt. Operation Neer 2014: Under Operation Neer India supplied drinking water to Maldives to deal with the drinking water crisis. Operation Sanjeevani: India supplied 6.2 tonnes of essential medicines to Maldives, under Operation Sanjeevani as assistance in the fight against COVID-19.  MUST READ: India-Maldives relations SOURCE: THE INDIAN EXPRESS PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) In which one of the following groups are all four countries members of G20? (2020) Argentina Mexico, South Africa and Turkey. Australia Canada, Malaysia and New Zealand Brazil, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Vietnam Indonesia Japan Singapore and South Korea Q.2) Consider the following in respect of the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS): Inaugural IONS was held in India in 2015 under the chairmanship of the Indian Navy. IONS is a voluntary initiative that seeks to increase maritime co-operation among navies of the littoral states of the Indian Ocean Region. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (2016) 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 One Vehicle One FASTag Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT SCHEMES Context: Recently, NHAI took the ‘One Vehicle One FASTag’ Initiative to Enhance the National Highway Experience. Background:- NHAI is encouraging FASTag users to complete ‘Know Your Customer’ (KYC) process of their latest FASTag by updating KYC as per RBI guidelines. FASTags with valid balances but with incomplete KYC will get deactivated/blacklisted by banks post 31st January 2024. NHAI has taken this initiative after the recent reports of multiple FASTags being issued for a particular vehicle and FASTags being issued without KYC in violation of RBI’s mandate. About One Vehicle One FASTag:- Launched: December 1, 2019. Ministry: Ministry of Road Transport & Highways. Objective: To enhance the efficiency of the Electronic Toll Collection system and provide seamless movement at the Toll Plazas. Salient Features:- The scheme is a unified electronic system across the country. It ensures that all the vehicles will be able to travel across the nation without worrying about paying cash at the toll plazas. FASTag is a reloadable tag that allows automatic deduction of toll without having to stop. The tag is linked to a prepaid account from which the applicable toll amount is deducted The tag uses radio frequency identification(RFID) technology and is fixed on the windscreen of the vehicle once active. The main aim of the FASTag scheme is to digitally integrate the collection of toll plazas and provide the seamless mobility of vehicles across India. The government initiated this FASTag scheme to overcome the current challenges in the imprint and track mechanism for the GST E-Way Bill system (EWB), which enhances the efficiency of its monitoring. Benefits:- It reduces air pollution and will also reduce the use of paper. ( National Common Mobility Card (NCMC)) It will also reduce the toll payment hassles and provide analytics for better highway management. It will also provide ease of payment as there will be no need to carry cash for the toll transactions.  MUST READ: FASTag Mandatory For All Vehicles SOURCE: PIB PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) With reference to Central Bank digital currencies, consider the following statements: (2023) It is possible to make payments in a digital currency without using the US dollar or the SWIFT system. A digital currency can be distributed with a condition programmed into it such as a timeframe for spending it. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) In India, the term “Public Key Infrastructure” is used in the context of (2020) Digital security infrastructure Food security infrastructure Health care and education infrastructure Telecommunication and transportation infrastructure India Post Payments Bank Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES Context: Recently, India Post Payments Bank Celebrated a Milestone Achievement of Eight Crore Customers. Background:- Since its inception, the IPPB has been dedicated to providing accessible and affordable banking solutions to

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   Digi Yatra Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNANCE Context: Recently, there was a surge in complaints from passengers using various airports about the “coercive and deceptive” manner in which both private staff and CISF personnel were enrolling them for Digi Yatra. Background:- In December 2023, as air travel peaked in the holiday season, it was found that security personnel and private staff were collecting facial biometrics at airport entry gates without the consent or knowledge of passengers for the Digi Yatra app. About Digi Yatra:- DigiYatra is an industry-led initiative that uses facial recognition technology to make terminal entry & security clearance at the airport a seamless, hassle-free, and paperless process. DigiYatra is a decentralised mobile-based ID storage platform where air travellers can save their IDs and travel documents. Introduced by the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MOCA) and DigiYatra Foundation. This platform is the next step towards creating a digitally empowered society. DigiYatra enables the automatic digital processing of flyers with the benefit of reduced wait time. It makes the boarding process faster and more seamless. DigiYatra is built on four pillars, including connected passengers, connected flying, connected airports, and connected systems. It ensures easy entry at all checkpoints. It is a paperless entry at airports using facial recognition software. It results in lower-cost operations. Significance:- Facial recognition technology is beneficial as it makes flying more convenient and reduces congestion at airports. Enhance security standards and improve current system performance.  MUST READ: Digital India Programme SOURCE: THE HINDU PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) With reference to Central Bank digital currencies, consider the following statements: (2023) It is possible to make payments in a digital currency without using the US dollar or the SWIFT system. A digital currency can be distributed with a condition programmed into it such as a timeframe for spending it. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) Consider the following (2022) Aarogya Setu CoWIN Digi Locker DIKSHA Which of the above are built on top of open-source digital platforms? 1 and 2 only 2, 3 and 4 only 1, 3 and 4 only 1, 2, 3 and 4 Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) Syllabus Prelims –POLITY Context: Recently, the Home Ministry cancelled the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) registration of the Centre for Policy Research. Background:- One of the reasons cited is that the institute published reports on “current affairs programmes”, which is a violation of the Act. About the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA):- The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is responsible for regulating FCRA in India. The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) was enacted during the Emergency in 1976 amid apprehensions that foreign powers were interfering in India’s affairs. The law sought to regulate foreign donations to individuals and associations so that they functioned “in a manner consistent with the values of a sovereign democratic republic”. The FCRA was amended in 2010 and 2020 by the government to give tighter control and scrutiny over the receipt and utilization of foreign funds by NGOs. Definition of foreign contribution:- It defines the term ‘foreign contribution’ to include currency, articles other than gifts for personal use and securities received from foreign sources. While foreign hospitality refers to any offer from a foreign source to provide foreign travel, boarding, lodging, transportation or medical treatment cost. FCRA Registration:- NGOs that want to receive foreign funds must apply online in a prescribed format with the required documentation. FCRA registrations are granted to individuals or associations that have definite cultural, economic, educational, religious, and social programs. Following the application by the NGO, the MHA makes inquiries through the Intelligence Bureau into the antecedents of the applicant and accordingly processes the application. FCRA Exceptions and Prohibitions:- Prohibited Categories: Foreign donations are not permitted for candidates during elections, journalists, media broadcast companies, judges, government servants, members of the legislature, political parties or their office-bearers, and organizations of a political nature. Eligibility Criteria: Applicants must not be fictitious, prosecuted for conversion activities, involved in creating communal tension or disharmony, or engaged in the propagation of sedition. Significance:– The Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA) plays a crucial role in regulating foreign donations in India. It ensures the utilization of foreign funds for legitimate purposes, prevention of activities detrimental to the national interest, and maintaining transparency and accountability. (New Foreign Trade Policy)  MUST READ: FCRA Changes: Ease of Monitoring vs Crippling Curbs SOURCE: THE HINDU  PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Convertible Bonds, consider the following statements: (2022) As there is an option to exchange the bond for equity, Convertible Bonds pay a lower rate of interest. The option to convert to equity affords the bondholder a degree of indexation to rising consumer prices. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) With reference to the Indian economy, consider the following statements: (2022) An increase in Nominal Effective Exchange Rate (NEER) indicates the appreciation of the rupee. An increase in the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) indicates an improvement in trade competitiveness. An increasing trend in domestic inflation relative to inflation in other countries is likely to cause an increasing divergence between NEER and REER. Which of the above statements is correct? 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 National Essential Diagnostics List Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNANCE Context: Recently, ICMR started revising current National Essential Diagnostics List for the first time. Background:- The list contains the minimum diagnostic tests that should be available at healthcare facilities; ICMR asked stakeholders to submit suggestions on addition, deletion of tests by the end of February. About National Essential Diagnostics List:- It is a list that would provide guidance to the government for deciding the kind of diagnostic tests that different healthcare facilities in villages and remote areas require. The World Health Organisation (WHO) released the first edition of the Essential Diagnostics List (EDL) in May 2018. (National List

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus)   Yen green bonds Syllabus Prelims –ECONOMY Context: Recently, REC Limited issued the first Japanese Yen green bonds worth JPY 61.1 billion. Background:- REC Limited, a Maharatna Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the Ministry of Power, has achieved a significant milestone by issuing its inaugural Japanese Yen (JPY) 61.1 billion (approximately Rs 3,500 crore) green bonds. About Yen green bonds:- It is REC Limited’s eleventh venture into the international bond market and inaugural Yen Bond issuance, which is also the first Yen Green Bond issuance by any Indian PSU. These bonds, part of the $ 10 billion global medium-term notes programme, span 5-year, 5.25-year, and 10-year tenures. Proceeds from the bond issuance will be dedicated to financing eligible green projects, adhering to REC Limited’s green finance framework, Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) external commercial borrowings guidelines, and relevant approvals. It is the first Yen Green Bond issuance by any Indian PSU. It is the largest ever Euro-Yen issuance in South and South East Asia. It is the largest Yen-denominated issuance from India. It is the largest non-sovereign Yen-denominated issuance ever from South and South East Asia. About  green bonds:- Green bonds are financial instruments designed to raise capital specifically for projects that have positive environmental and/or climate benefits. Green bonds function similarly to regular bonds, offering fixed or variable interest rates to investors. However, the key difference lies in the use of proceeds. They offer investors a platform to engage in good practices, influencing the business strategy of bond issuers. Benefits:- Positive Impact on Environment Attracts Investment Alternative to Bank Loan: Green bonds are also an effective tool in driving down the cost of capital and reducing asset-liability mismatches. MUST READ: Sovereign Green Bonds (SGB) SOURCE: BUSINESS STANDARD PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Which one of the following best describes the term “greenwashing”? (2022) Conveying a false impression that a company’s products are eco-friendly and environmentally sound Non-inclusion of ecological/ environmental costs in the Annual Financial Statements of a country Ignoring the consequences of disastrous ecological while infrastructure development undertaking Making mandatory provisions for environmental costs in a government project/programme Q.2) With reference to the India economy, what are the advantages of “Inflation-Indexed Bonds (IIBs)”? (2022) Government can reduce the coupon rates on its borrowing by way of IIBs. IIGs provide protection to the investors from uncertainty regarding inflation. The interest received as well as capital gains on IIBs are not taxable. Which of the statements given above are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Scheme for Residential Education for Meritorious Scheduled Caste (SC) Students (SHRESHTA) Scheme Syllabus Prelims –GOVERNMENT SCHEMES Context: Recently, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) issued instructions for Residential Private Schools interested in joining the Scheme for Residential Education for Meritorious Scheduled Caste (SC) Students (SHRESHTA). Background:- According to the official notification, eligible schools must be private residential institutions affiliated with CBSE up to class 12, operational for at least 5 years, and boasting a pass percentage of 75 or more in class 10 and 12 over the last 3 years. About SHRESHTA Scheme:- Launched: December, 2021. Ministry: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. Objective: for the purpose of providing seats for the meritorious SC boys and girls in the best private residential schools in the country. Salient Features:- This scheme was launched for Scheduled Castes, as they have faced historical injustices in a hierarchical society and education is the most powerful tool to empower them as a community. The scheme will provide a level playing field to the poor and meritorious SC students. It aims to enhance the reach of development Intervention of the Government and to fill the gap in service-deficient SCs dominant areas, in the sector of education through the efforts of grant-in-aid institutions (run by NGOs) and residential high schools offering high-quality education and provide the environment for socio-economic upliftment and overall development of the Scheduled Castes (SCs). (New National Education Policy) Modes of implementation:- The scheme is being implemented in two Modes:- SHRESHTA schools:- Under this, each year a specified number of meritorious SC students in States/UTs will be selected through the National Entrance Test for SHRESHTA (NETS) to be conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA). These would be admitted to the best private residential schools affiliated by the CBSE/State Board in classes 9th and 11th for completion of education till 12th standard. Selection of schools: Best performing CBSE-based private residential schools, having more than 75% pass percentage for classes 10 and 12 for the last three years are selected by a Committee for admission of selected students. Eligibility/Selection of students: Approx 3000 (1500 for 9th class and 1500 for class 11th tentative) SC students, whose parent’s annual income is up to 2.5 lakh, are selected every year under the Scheme through a national-level test conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA). The choices of schools shall be offered to the students in accordance with their merit. (Education & Nation Building) NGO/VO-operated Schools/Hostels: These include EXISTING COMPONENT, Guidelines hereinafter applicable only for Mode 2 of the Scheme, Schools/Hostels. These are run by VOs/NGOs and other organizations having higher classes (up to class 12) and who have been receiving Grant-in-aid will be continued, subject to satisfactory performance. MUST READ:  Gender gap in education SOURCE: FREE PRESS JOURNAL PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS Q.1) Which of the following is/are the aim/aims of the “Digital India” Plan of the Government of India? (2018) Formation of India’s own Internet companies like China did. Establish a policy framework to encourage overseas multinational corporations that collect Big Data to build their large data centers within our national geographical boundaries. Connect many of our villages to the Internet and bring Wi-Fi to many of our schools, public places, and major tourist centres. Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1 and 2 only 3 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.2) What is the aim of the programme ‘Unnat Bharat Abhiyan’? (2017) Achieving 100% literacy by promoting collaboration between voluntary organizations the government’s education system and