DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 23rd July 2024
Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) BHIL PRADESH Syllabus Prelims & Mains – POLITY Context: The Bhil tribal community’s demand for a separate state is growing in Rajasthan. On July 18, a large gathering at Mangarh Dham in Banswara saw members calling for the creation of “Bhil Pradesh,” which would include 49 districts from four states. Background:- The demand for Bhil Pradesh has been frequently raised by tribal leaders over the years, and the Bharat Adivasi Party (BAP), formed last year, has been buoyed by its performance in the recent Lok Sabha polls to champion it with renewed vigour. What is the demand for ‘Bhil Pradesh’? According to the BAP, the proposed Bhil Pradesh would cover 49 districts across four contiguous states including Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra. This would involve 12 districts from Rajasthan. As per Census 2011, there are 1.7 crore Bhils across the country. Their largest concentration is in Madhya Pradesh at about 60 lakh, followed by 42 lakh in Gujarat, 41 lakh in Rajasthan and 26 lakh in Maharashtra. The demand is based on the geography, culture, and language according to supporters. If Gujarat and Maharashtra can be carved out due to similar cultures and languages, then why not Bhil Pradesh?.This is what the leaders of the movement is asking. History of ‘Bhil Pradesh’ demand According BAP leaders, the demand for Bhil Pradesh dates back to 1913. Leaders claim that Govind Giri Banjara, a tribal activist and social reformer, first demanded a Bhil state in 1913 when he mobilised a gathering of thousands of tribals at Mangarh Hill. On November 17, 1913, around 1,500 tribals were massacred by the British for their rebellion. Over the years, various tribal leaders have voiced their demand for a separate Bhil state. What does the constitution say ? Article 3 assigns to Parliament the power to enact legislation for the formation of new States. Parliament may create new States in a number of ways, namely by (i) separating territory from any State, (ii) uniting two or more States, (iii) uniting parts of States and (iv) uniting any territory to a part of any State. Parliament’s power under Article 3 extends to increasing or diminishing the area of any State and altering the boundaries or name of any State. Two checks constrain Parliament’s power to enact legislation for the formation of new States. Firstly, a bill calling for formation of new States may be introduced in either House of Parliament only on the recommendation of the President. Secondly, such a bill must be referred by the President to the concerned State Legislature for expressing its views to Parliament if it contains provisions which affect the areas, boundaries or name of that State. Parliament will not be bound by these views in the process of enacting legislation for the formation of new States. Source: Indian Express U – WIN Syllabus Prelims & Mains – SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; HEALTH Context: On the government’s 100-day health agenda is the countrywide rollout of U-WIN, an online vaccine management portal for childhood vaccination — similar to CoWIN used during the Covid-19 pandemic. Background: The platform is already being piloted in several states, and national implementation is imminent What is U-WIN & how does it work Children, up to the age of six years, and pregnant mothers are registered on U-WIN using government ID like Aadhaar, and their mobile numbers. Upon registration, records of all 25 shots given to a child — and the two given to pregnant mothers — can be added.For this, the platform generates a checkered vaccination certificate that colour codes all vaccines. After each shot is administered (and recorded on U-WIN), its date gets added to the card, which also shows the due date for the next set of vaccines. The platform also sends reminders to parents before their children are due for the next dose. The digital vaccine certificate — which can be downloaded by parents — does away with the need to maintain the physical vaccination booklet, and allows one to get vaccinated anywhere in the country. U-WIN itself can be used to locate the nearest vaccination centre, and book a slot. As for health workers, the platform can automatically generate a due-list of children in their respective areas. U-WIN also registers all births, the three vaccines against polio, hepatitis B, and tuberculosis administered at birth, a child’s birth weight, and any physical deformities observed at birth. These data-points can be utilised by other government programmes as well — the idea is to eventually connect all digital records through ABHA (Ayushman Bharat Health Account) ID. U-WIN will also be linked to the government’s existing eVIN platform for inventory management. eVIN tracks all vaccine vials, from large central stores to each vaccination site in the country. It keeps track of the number of doses used, the number of doses that go to waste, and the number of open vials that are submitted back by the sites, and is used by sites to raise demands for vaccines. eVIN also keeps track of, in real-time, the temperature and humidity that a vial has been subjected to using a sensor attached to each freezer. How will U-WIN help with immunisation? There are a number of benefits that the government foresees with U-WIN. Reminders that U-WIN will furnish to parents are likely to improve compliance. U-WIN will ensure portability — children who have received their first vaccines in one village/city can receive the rest of the doses elsewhere in the country. This will be especially useful to ensure that children of migrant workers do not drop out. The portal might help reduce errors from the part of health workers. U-WIN will provide granular, individualised details of childhood immunisation across the country. Registration at birth will help in bringing down the number of “zero dose” children — those who have not received any vaccinations. A centralised database, especially in the long-term, may facilitate better policy-making and implementation. Source: Indian Express KADAMBINI GANGULY Syllabus Prelims – HISTORY Context: Recently, country celebrated the
DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 23rd July 2024 Read More »
